DEL LABORATORIO AL PLATO: LA CIENCIA DETRÁS DE LA HIDROPONÍA

Alan E. Guerrero, Viridiana S. Reyes, Emmanuel Mendoza-Hernández, Miguel A. Sandoval

Resumen


La hidroponía es una técnica de cultivo sin suelo que emplea soluciones nutritivas de composición controlada y ambientes regulados. Este artículo de divulgación-revisión sistematiza la literatura científica reciente para describir los fundamentos fisicoquímicos de la hidroponía, clasificar los principales sistemas comerciales y analizar sus aportaciones a la agricultura sostenible. Se presentan las ventajas cuantificadas —hasta 90 % de ahorro hídrico y producción continua en espacios reducidos— y se discuten las barreras técnicas y económicas que frenan su adopción a gran escala. Además, se revisan innovaciones emergentes, desde fertilizantes de baja huella ambiental hasta esquemas de automatización e integración con energías renovables, que fortalecen la viabilidad de la hidroponía para la seguridad alimentaria futura. 

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Referencias


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Naturaleza y Tecnología, revista electrónica de la División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas del campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato. En ella se reciben para su revisión y arbitraje, artículos originales de investigación, artículos de revisión sobre temas actuales de investigación, así como ensayos sobre diversas temáticas del mundo científico y académico en las áreas de la química, matemáticas, ingeniería, astronomía, biología y farmacia, dentro del ámbito que comprenden las ciencias naturales y exactas, siendo requerido que no hayan sido publicadas o en proceso de publicación en otras revistas. Cuenta también con un Facebook de notas científicas de actualidad como apoyo a la actividad académica de la comunidad universitaria y para conocimiento del público en general como parte de un programa de divulgación científica y tecnológica.

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